什么是食物链很多人对这个问题比较感兴趣，下面让我们一起来看浠涔╅，希望可以帮助到你。
浠?涔?????╅??
椋??╅? *** 锛????辩???剧??ㄤ功 璺宠浆?帮? 瀵艰??br />??瀵 椋??╅?撅?涔?????椋??╃?锛?锛???〃绀虹?╃?涔??寸??椋??╃????崇郴锛??ㄧ????瀛︿腑?戒唬琛ㄧ?╄川???介???ㄧ?╃?涔??磋浆绉绘??ㄧ?????点?? 涓?绉????轰?涓????渚?璧??朵????轰?浣?涓哄???椋??╁???介?????ユ?锛???涓??╃?琚???涓轰??????ュ?诲?娆★???搴?灞???????浜ц????锛???互?ラ?冲??琛?????浣????????ㄦ按??浜?姘у??纰崇????虹?╁???????虹?╃??缁胯?叉??╋???涓?灞?????绾с??娑?璐硅????锛?瑕?渚?璧???浜ц??渚?搴??╄川???介??锛?褰?娑?璐硅??姝讳骸浠ュ??锛?????瑙ｈ????浼?浠ヤ?浠???灏镐?涓洪??┿?? [缂?杈?] 椋??╅? 椋??╅?捐?涓?????卞?藉?ㄧ?╁?瀹跺??灏?椤匡?Charles Sutherland Elton锛?浜?1927骞撮?娆℃???虹??锛??????繁璇存?????颁腑?戒?璇???澶ч奔??灏?楸硷?灏?楸煎???剧背??????????椋??╅?惧??????绉?绫诲??锛???椋??с??瀵????с???????с??纰?椋??х?锛?涓????ュ?诲????╃?缁???涓?涓??炬?°??渚?濡?锛? 娴?父??? ?? 杞???ㄧ? ?? 楸肩被 ?? 涔?璐 ?? 娴疯惫 ?? ??椴 ???ц?涓??炬?＄??椤哄?锛?瀹?浠?互搴?灞????╀负椋??╋??╄川???借?娌跨??杩?涓??炬?＄??椤哄???椤跺?娴??ㄣ?? [缂?杈?] 椋??╃? ?????╃?涔??寸??椋??╅?搁??绯 ?????╃?涔??寸??椋??╅?搁??绯 浣?????绉????╂??????璧?涓?绉?椋??╀负??锛?浜??镐??寸???宠???浜?涓洪??╃???崇郴锛?渚?濡?姘??存?规???瀵??剧?????澶?瀛ｈ??????榧?锛??????榧?????????璇存?锛???涓哄?????????????娉????????扮????榧???杩?浜?澶??????崇郴寰?寰?涓?????归?炬?¤?借?????锛?????绉??崇郴??绯昏捣?ュ氨浼?缁???涓?涓???缃??????句腑?剧ず??灏辨??????????绯荤???椋??╃??? [缂?杈?] ??瑙? * ????瀛?br />椋??╅?锯????灏??╃???绯昏捣?ョ??椋??╄矾寰? 椋??╅?炬???绉?椋??╄矾寰?锛?瀹???绯昏??缇よ?戒腑??涓????╃???椋??╅?句腑?? ?介?????ュ?荤??ㄤ??????╅?翠???????椋??╅?惧?灏???????釜浠ヤ????╃?锛? ??涓轰??????介??姣?缁?杩?涓??舵???椋??у?娆″氨浼???灏?涓?浜??? ????绯荤?涓??????╄?界?剁?绫荤?澶?锛?浣??规???浠??ㄨ?介?????╄川杩??ㄤ腑??璧风??浣??????互褰?绾充负??浜ц????娑?璐硅??????瑙ｈ??涓?绫汇?? ??浜ц??涓昏???豢?叉??╋??界?ㄧ??????╄川?堕??椋??╃?????荤???╋?杩?绉????藉氨??????浣????涔??????浜???瀛﹀????缁???锛?瀹?浠???藉?浠ユ???虹?╁???????虹?╋???浜ц???ㄧ????绯荤?涓???浣??ㄦ???琛???绾х??浜ф??绉颁负绗???х??浜э???姝ゅ?浠?氨????绾х??浜ц????绗???х??浜ц??锛??朵骇???????╅??绉颁负??绾х??浜ч????绗???х??浜ч??????浜ц????娲诲?ㄦ??????涓???颁?姘у??纰冲??姘达??ㄥお?冲???芥????瀛︾??浣??ㄤ?????纰虫按?????┿????姝ゅお?宠?灏??藉??????杩???浜ц??锛????戒?????杈??ュ?扮????绯荤?涓?浆??涓哄??瀛﹁?藉???崇???╄?斤???涓烘?璐硅??????瑙ｈ?????芥椿?ㄤ腑??????芥??? 娑?璐硅??灞?浜?寮??荤???╋????ｄ?浠ュ?朵????╂?????虹?╀负椋????ㄧ?╋?瀹?浠??存?ユ???存?ヤ互妞??╀负椋????规????т???锛???互?哄??涓洪????ㄧ?╁??椋????ㄧ?╀袱澶х被??椋????ㄧ?╃О涓虹?涓?绾ф?璐硅??锛?瀹?浠???椋?妞??╄??寰??拌??繁??瑕???椋??╁???介??锛?杩?涓?绫诲?ㄧ?╁?涓?浜???????榧?绫汇????????村?拌薄??椋????ㄧ?╁?????椋????ㄧ?╂????椋?锛?杩?浜?椋????ㄧ?╃О涓虹?浜?绾ф?璐硅??锛?濡??㈣??互????负椋?锛?榛?榧??煎??榧?绫荤?锛?杩??凤??㈣????榛?榧??肩?????О涓虹?涓?绾ч???????????涓?浜???椋?灏???椋????ㄧ?╃??澶у??椋????ㄧ?╁????搞???笺????绛?锛?绉颁负绗??绾ф?璐硅????绗??绾ч???????????浠ョ?浜?绾ч????ㄧ?╀负椋??╃??濡?????????璞广??楣般??楣?????界??绂斤?灏辨?????绾ф?璐硅????绗??绾ч???????姝ゅ?锛?瀵????╂???规???娑?璐硅??锛??规????у????浣?????椋??ㄧ?╂??椋????ㄧ?┿??浣???浜?瀵???妞??╁?妗?瀵?????妲插???绛?锛??变??借??繁?堕??椋??╋???浠ュ?浜???浜ц????????椋?绫绘?璐硅?????浜?椋????у?ㄧ?╁??椋????у?ㄧ?╀??寸??绫诲??锛??㈠??妞??╋??????ㄧ?╋?濡?椴ら奔????绛???浜虹??椋??╀?灞?浜???椋??с??杩?浜?涓???绛?绾х??娑?璐硅??浠?涓????????╀腑寰??伴??╋?灏卞舰??浜????ュ?荤骇???? ?变?寰?澶??ㄧ?╀??????涓?涓??ュ?荤骇?????╀腑寰??伴??╋?濡?绗??绾ч?????涓?浠???椋?绗??绾ч?????锛????蜂???椋?绗??绾ч???????椋?????锛???浠ュ?灞?浜???涓??ュ?荤骇????????杈惧?颁汉绫绘????楂?绾х??娑?璐硅??锛?浠?涓?浠?????绾х??椋?????锛???涓???浠ユ??╀?涓洪??┿????浠ュ??涓??ュ?荤骇涔??寸????????????剧???? ??瑙ｈ??涔?????荤???╋?涓昏?????绉?缁?????????锛?涔???????浜??????ㄧ?╁????椋??у?ㄧ?╁?椋????ㄧ???茶?????借??锛?浠ュ????????涓?浜?杞???ㄧ?╃???瀹?浠???澶??????ㄦ??╂?浣???瑙ｄ负绠??????????╋???????瑙ｆ?????虹?╁?杩??扮???涓??伙?琚???浜ц?????╃?ㄣ????瑙ｈ???ㄧ?╄川寰??????介??娴??ㄤ腑?锋????瑕?????涔?锛???涓哄ぇ绾︽??90% ?????板??绾х??浜ч???藉?椤荤?杩???瑙ｈ????浣??ㄨ??褰?杩?缁?澶у?帮???缁?杩?浼???浣??ㄨ???缁?缁胯?叉??╄?琛?????浣??ㄣ????浠ュ??瑙ｈ??????О涓鸿??????? ?????宸﹀?朵腑涓??? ?翠釜????????戒?????澶ф?瑰?? ??Food Chain 椋??╅?俱?? ??椋????????╀??寸??????浜や?浣??????????烘偿?????诲??浜ゆ???杩?浜?浜や?浣??ㄦ??????绯荤?涓???????杩?绯昏捣?ワ???缁??鸿?介??濡?浣????????╀?杈??冲?︿????┿?? I. 椋??╅??food chain)??椋??╃?(food web) 1. 椋??╅? (food chain) 椋??╅?炬?剧ず????绯讳腑???╀??告??椋????崇郴?? ????椋??╅?鹃?芥???辩??浜ц??寮?濮??? i. ??浜ц??锛?producers ??浜ц???借??????浣??ㄥ?绠????????虹??姘村??浜?姘у??纰??舵?瑰????????洪??╋?渚?濡?缁胯?叉??╂????浜ц???? ii. 娑?璐硅??锛?consumers ?ㄧ?╂???璐硅????娑?璐硅??涓??借???堕??┿?? ??椋??у?ㄧ?╀互??妞??╀负??锛?绉颁负??绾ф?璐硅??primary consumers?? ??椋??у?ㄧ?╀互??绾ф?璐硅??涓洪??╋?绉颁负娆＄骇娑?璐硅??secondary consumers?? 浠ユ?绾ф?璐硅??涓洪??╃??绉颁负涓?绾ф?璐硅??tertiary consumers?? ??浜ц??(妞??? ?? ??绾ф?璐硅??(??椋??у?ㄧ?? ?? 娆＄骇娑?璐硅?? (??椋??у?ㄧ?? ?? 椤剁骇娑?璐硅?? a. ??? ?? 姣?? ?? 灏?楦? ?? 楣 b. ?? ?? 缇? ?? 浜 c. ????榛? ?? 浜 2. 椋??╃? (food web) 灏?缇よ?戒腑??椋??╅?捐?璧蜂究褰㈡??涓?涓???╃??? 3. ??瑙ｈ?? deposers ??瑙ｈ??灏????哄??╁???ㄦ??╁案浣???瑙ｆ??绠????????虹?┿?? 瀹?浠???甯镐?浼??ㄩ??╃?涓??剧ず?烘?ャ?? ??瑙ｈ?????????bacteria??????fungi?? ??瑙ｈ????瀛??ㄦ???╀?????绯讳腑?╄川??寰??????瀹?浠?????哄??╁???ㄦ??╁案浣???瑙ｆ??绠????????虹?╋?杩?浜????虹?╁??琚???╁?告?躲??浣跨?╄川?ㄧ????绯讳腑寰????? II. 椋??у?娆 (trophic level) ???╁?ㄩ??╀腑??浣?缃?О涓洪??у?娆°?? 椋??╅?句腑????? 绫诲? 椋??у?娆 楣 涓?绾ф?璐硅?? 绗???灞? 楦? 娆＄骇娑?璐硅?? 绗??灞? ??? ??绾ф?璐硅?? 绗??灞? ?? ??浜ц?? 绗??灞?
????: .knowledge.yahoo/question/?qid=7007010104787
椋??╅?撅?涔?????椋??╃?锛?锛???〃绀虹?╃?涔??寸??椋??╃????崇郴锛??ㄧ????瀛︿腑?戒唬琛ㄧ?╄川???介???ㄧ?╃?涔??磋浆绉绘??ㄧ?????点?? 涓?绉????轰?涓????渚?璧??朵????轰?浣?涓哄???椋??╁???介?????ユ?锛???涓??╃?琚???涓轰??????ュ?诲?娆★???搴?灞???????浜ц????锛???互?ラ?冲??琛?????浣????????ㄦ按??浜?姘у??纰崇????虹?╁???????虹?╃??缁胯?叉??╋???涓?灞?????绾с??娑?璐硅????锛?瑕?渚?璧???浜ц??渚?搴??╄川???介??锛?褰?娑?璐硅??姝讳骸浠ュ??锛?????瑙ｈ????浼?浠ヤ?浠???灏镐?涓洪??┿?? [缂?杈?] 椋??╅? 椋??╅?捐?涓?????卞?藉?ㄧ?╁?瀹跺??灏?椤匡?Charles Sutherland Elton锛?浜?1927骞撮?娆℃???虹??锛??????繁璇存?????颁腑?戒?璇???澶ч奔??灏?楸硷?灏?楸煎???剧背??????????椋??╅?惧??????绉?绫诲??锛???椋??с??瀵????с???????с??纰?椋??х?锛?涓????ュ?诲????╃?缁???涓?涓??炬?°??渚?濡?锛? 娴?父??? ?? 杞???ㄧ? ?? 楸肩被 ?? 涔?璐 ?? 娴疯惫 ?? ??椴 ???ц?涓??炬?＄??椤哄?锛?瀹?浠?互搴?灞????╀负椋??╋??╄川???借?娌跨??杩?涓??炬?＄??椤哄???椤跺?娴??ㄣ?? [缂?杈?] 椋??╃? ?????╃?涔??寸??椋??╅?搁??绯讳?????绉????╂??????璧?涓?绉?椋??╀负??锛?浜??镐??寸???宠???浜?涓洪??╃???崇郴锛?渚?濡?姘??存?规???瀵??剧?????澶?瀛ｈ??????榧?锛??????榧?????????璇存?锛???涓哄?????????????娉????????扮????榧???杩?浜?澶??????崇郴寰?寰?涓?????归?炬?¤?借?????锛?????绉??崇郴??绯昏捣?ュ氨浼?缁???涓?涓???缃??????句腑?剧ず??灏辨??????????绯荤???椋??╃???
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椋??╅?惧?虫????椋?浠?
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