什么叫系统很多人对这个问题比较感兴趣，下面让我们一起来看浠涔郴缁锛，希望可以帮助到你。
浠?涔???郴缁?锛?
?藉?瀹???涓?绉???????绉????????界??澶?涓??ㄥ????т?瀹???娆″?缁????ㄤ?璧风??缁???????绯荤???
绯荤?涓?璇?????浜??辨??system???宠?锛?骞跺?搴??跺?????娑靛??浠ヤ赴瀵???绯荤?????灏??舵?ｇ??涓?瑗胯?琛???搴????寸????缂???褰㈡?????锋???翠??х???翠???
?ㄦ?板?淇″?峰???????璁轰腑锛?浜轰滑???藉??宸ャ?????㈡?板?淇″?风??瀹?浣?绉颁?绯荤????变?澶????板?淇″?风??绯荤????ㄦ??瀹????跺?绘???跺?瀵逛俊?疯?琛???宸ヨ?绠?锛???浠ヨ?绉?绯荤?琚???浣?????ｆ?堕?寸??锛?涔???互?ㄥ?轰??堕?寸??璇????琛ㄦ?笺???????娉㈠舰??绉??规??ユ??杩般?? [1]
浠??借薄????涔??ヨ?锛?绯荤???淇″?烽?藉??互??浣????????浣????绯荤?????宸ヤ俊?风???烘??锛?杩??逛?淇″?蜂?????浜轰滑??绌剁郴缁?锛?璁捐?绯荤?锛??╃?ㄧ郴缁???宸ヤ俊?枫?????′汉绫汇??
?や???????绉???杩版?规?锛???杩扮郴缁????规?杩???绗﹀?枫????浣????插??搴???宸????圭????惧舰??
涓??借????瀛﹁???卞?妫??涓猴?绯荤????辩?镐?浣??ㄧ?镐?渚?璧????ュ共缁????ㄥ??缁?????????锛??锋???瑰????界?????烘?翠?锛???涓?杩?涓????烘?翠??????浠?灞????村ぇ绯荤???缁????ㄥ???? [2]
杩??ㄧ?????ュ共?ㄥ??锛??ㄧ?镐???绯汇???镐?浣??ㄤ?涓?舰?????锋????绉?纭?????界???翠?锛?璋?涔?绯荤???
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璇????琛ㄦ?笺???????娉㈠舰??绗﹀?风?
绯荤????涔?????
?佃??绯荤???????浣?绯荤?????浣?绯荤??????璁＄??虹‖浠朵?杞?欢璧?婧???璁＄??虹?搴?锛????朵???a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=璁＄??虹郴缁?" highlight="true">璁＄??虹郴缁??????镐??虹?炽????浣?绯荤???瑕?澶???濡?绠＄??涓???缃???瀛????冲?绯荤?璧?婧?渚?????浼???娆″????у?惰??ヤ?杈??鸿?澶?????浣?缃?缁?涓?绠＄????浠剁郴缁?绛??烘????°??
??浣?绯荤???绫诲????甯稿??凤?涓????哄?ㄥ?瑁?????浣?绯荤????绠????板???锛????绉诲?ㄧ?佃???宓??ュ?绯荤??拌?绾ц?绠??虹??澶у????浣?绯荤???
?╁?璧???锛?
??浣?绯荤???缁???缁???锛?
1??椹卞?ㄧ?搴?- 椹卞?ㄧ?搴?????浣?绯荤?涓???绠????????存?ョ??涓?涓??ㄥ??锛?浠???浣??ㄧ?????存?ョ???т??ㄤ互????瑙??佃??涓?????绉?纭?欢?ㄥ????骞朵?涓虹?佃??涓????朵??ㄥ????渚?涓?涓????ㄧ???ュ?ｆ?′欢??
2?????? ??浣?绯荤?涔??????搁?ㄥ??锛????稿?ㄦ??浣?绯荤???杩?琛?????楂?锛?璐?璐ｆ??渚??虹??с??缁????х?????姐??
3?????垮?- ???绯诲???规???绋?搴?搴?锛?瀹?浠???璐ｅ?ㄤ???绯荤?????渚????烘?????″??瑁???搴??ㄧ?搴????藉?浣跨?ㄧ??缂?绋??ュ?ｏ?API锛?锛???????杩?搴??ㄧ?搴????ㄥ????
4??澶??? ??璋?澶??达????ㄤ???渚??瑰?楂?绾ф???＄???ㄤ欢??渚?濡?锛??ㄥ井???哥???涓??澶ч?ㄥ??绯荤????★?浠ュ??UNIX/Linux涓???绉?瀹??よ?绋??介??甯歌???褰?姝ゅ????
????璧????ユ?锛??惧害?剧?-??浣?绯荤?
浠?涔???郴缁?锛????界郴缁?锛?????绯荤?
绯荤?锛??藉?瀹???涓?绉???????绉????????界??澶?涓??ㄥ????т?瀹???娆″?缁????ㄤ?璧风??缁???????绯荤???
???界郴缁?涓????????藉??寸??琛ㄧ?板?哄??绉????芥椿???褰兼??寸?镐?浣??ㄣ???镐?渚?璧???缁?????瑙?寰???缁?????褰㈡?????翠??????界郴缁??????藉????瀹??????芥椿?ㄧ??绯荤???
?卞ぇ?板?渚?娆′负???╁????????绯荤???缇よ?姐??绉?缇ゃ??涓????锛?娑??????煎?搞??寰????锛?绯荤????ㄥ???缁?缁???缁?????????绯荤???????a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=???╃兢?? highlight="true">???╃兢??/a>涓????虹?????????缁?涓??翠??????界郴缁?????????绯荤? 锛????╁??????澶х??????绯荤???
????绯荤??????界郴缁????朵腑涓?涓??娆★??规????㈤?ｄ釜姒?蹇垫?ョ??锛????虹????界?舵病?????斤?浣????涔????涓????锛?瀹??????芥椿?ㄥ?蹇?涓????锛?涓句?锛?妞??╋?杩?琛?????浣???/a>灏辩?涓?寮??冲??锛?姘村??浜?姘у??纰?/a>??
?╁?璧???
????绯荤?涓?璇???935骞寸?辫?卞?界????瀛﹀??︽???╋?Arthur G. Tansley锛?棣?娆℃???轰娇?ㄧ????浣????杩?绉?瑙?蹇靛苟涓?????杩?????锛????绋??ㄥ??句??撅?灏卞??互?ㄥ?涔?浠ュ???????蹭功绫?涓??惧?版??杩扮???╀??????缁?涓????稿?冲??瀹癸???????汉涓????剁?涓????稿?冲??瀹癸???
??甯告??瓒ｇ??????村?颁?19涓?绾?????锛?杩?涓?瑙?蹇垫??琚??寮??板??杩板苟????????板?虹?板?ㄧ??姐???卞?藉??淇?缃?????????????腑????877骞达??″?路榛?姣?涔????Karl Mobius锛???a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=寰锋??" highlight="true">寰锋????????涓????¤??缇よ?芥??杩颁负?????╃兢?解??锛?Biocoenosis锛???
??骞达?缇??戒汉绂?甯???/a>锛?S. A. Forbes锛??ㄤ???缁??歌???涓???婀?娉?琛ㄨ堪涓衡??寰?缉??涓?????锛?Microcosm锛???淇?缃???????瀛﹀??椹遍??搴??拌?跺か锛?V. V. Dokuchaev锛???浠?涓昏???寮?瀛????浣?澶??G.F. Morozov锛?妫???????瀛︿?瀹讹?????寮鸿??????╃兢?解??锛?Biocoenosis锛?涓?璇???
???ワ?璇ユ???琚??缃???????瀛﹀?浠???灞?涓衡?????╁?扮??缇よ?解??锛?Geobiocoenosis锛?(Sukachev, 1959)??
?や????╁?瀹讹??╃??瀛﹀???绀句?瀛﹀?浠??寮?濮??????????跺??浜虹被绀句???浣????涓?郴缁??ヨ?琛???绌躲????925骞达??╃????瀛﹀?娲??瑰?★?A. J.Lotka锛??ㄦ??棰?涓恒???╃?????╁?????绱???锛?Elements of Physical Biology锛?涓?涔︿腑???帮????轰????????轰????涓轰?涓??翠????ヤ??ㄧ????
瀹?浠???寸???崇郴濡?姝や?绱у?锛?浠ヨ?充?濡???涓?浜?瑙ｅ?浠????翠?锛?浣?灏变????戒?瑙ｅ?朵腑??浠讳?涓?涓???寰????撅?涓?涓????╁?瀹讹??︽???╋???涓?涓??╃??瀛﹀?锛?娲??瑰?★???涔????剁????版???轰???????绯荤???杩?涓??蹇点??
灏界??︽???╁????浜???????绯荤???涓?璇???浣夸???澹板ぇ???浣?浜?瀹?涓?锛??︽???╁?璇ュ??娲??瑰?″??浜??涓???灏便??
??0涓?绾?0骞翠唬锛?绀句?绉?瀛﹀?浠????轰??哄???翠??ф?蹇点??灏ゅ?舵??????寰仿峰ゥ寰峰?锛?HowardOdum锛?搴??ㄧぞ浼???????缇??藉???ㄥ?哄?????朵??哄??杩?琛?浜?姣?杈?(Odum, 1936; Odumand Moore, 1938)??
杩?骞存?ワ?楹﹀???╂???Machliset al. 1997) 浠ュ??绂???/a>??楹﹁开锛?Force and Maddie锛?1997)?ㄥ?ㄤ?浜虹被????绯荤?姒?蹇电????灞???杩?涓??蹇垫?????╃????瀛﹀??绀句?瀛︾??璁虹???璧锋?ヤ?涓虹????绯荤?绠＄??瀹?璺电???虹?????姝わ?????????绯荤???姒?蹇垫??????????┿???╃???????浜虹被涓?涓??归?㈢????瀹广??
????璧????ユ?锛??惧害?剧?-???界郴缁?
????璧????ユ?锛??惧害?剧?-????绯荤?
????璧????ユ?锛??惧害?剧?-绯荤?
浠?涔???郴缁?
绯荤?娉????变?缇ゆ???宠???涓??缁???锛??规?????缂???濂界??瑙???宸ヤ?锛??藉???涓?????浠朵??藉?????????宸ヤ???缇や???绯荤???涓鸿???剁郴缁?涓?浜轰负绯荤?涓ゅぇ绫汇??
?佃??绯荤??崇?佃????浣?绯荤?(computer operating system)锛????绠??虹郴缁?涓???涓?涓?郴缁?杞?欢锛?瀹?????蜂?浜?绋?搴?妯″????????????瀹?浠???????у?惰?绠??虹郴缁?涓???纭?欢??杞?欢璧?婧?锛??????扮?缁?璁＄??哄伐浣?娴?绋?浠ヤ究?????板?╃?ㄨ?浜?璧?婧?涓虹?ㄦ?锋??渚?涓?涓????藉己澶с??浣跨?ㄦ?逛究?????╁???宸ヤ????锛?浠????ㄨ?绠??轰??剁?ㄦ?蜂??磋捣?版?ュ?ｇ??浣??ㄣ???版??unix??linux??mac??os/2??GUN??dos??windows绛??扮????ㄥ父瑙???浣?绯荤?锛??﹀?杩????规?搴??ㄧ????浣?绯荤???